First Attack on Nuwakot,Strengthening of Army and Diplomatic Relations of Prithivi Narayan Shah During Unification of Nepal

Attack on Nuwakot

After his accession to the throne of Gorkha, Prithivi Narayan Shah launched a plan of unification venture. ultimately, the king sent a force, led by a courtier, Vijaya Thapa to Nuwakot for its aggression. he was attracted towards Nuwakot for its crossroad position between Tibet and the Kathmandu valley and for avenging his father's defeat at the hand of Nuwakot. Vijaya Thapa was waiting for a favorable time for the attack at his camp by the side of the Trishuli River. In the meantime, King Prithivi Narayan, who grew suspicious on Vijaya Thapa, sent another force, headed by Maheshwar Panta to Nuwakot. At that time Nuwakot was in charge of Jayanta Rana deputed by King Jaya Prakash Malla of Kantipur. Jayanta Rana was a former sardar of Gorkha andhad led the Gorkhalese army to Nuwakot,when Naraphupal Shah had attacked Nuwakot. Since Gorkhalese were defeted at that time, he was having the protection from Jaya Prakash Malla. But due to various factors such as the lack of geographical knowledge and trained soldiers in the attacking force, Prithivi Narayan Shah's aggression on Nuwakot was not a success. Actually the attack was quite hasty and reckless.

Strengthening of Army

During Prithivi Narayan Shah's time, Gorkha had 8 to 10 thousand army men, who were capable of fighting in battle. Defeat at Nuwakot had thought him a good lesson. Instead of giving up hope, he began preparation of next attempt. he brought from Banaras guns and Muslim repairers along with

some persons brought from other places for army and for repairs of arms. However, his instruction was more for the use of swords than the guns. He gave top priority to the army service. He made provisions for the training of youths, and appointment of people of various castes in the army. He brought substantial reformations in the army administration. In order to encourage countrymen to enter into army, he made provision of Marawat, a compensation for a soldier's death paid to his family. after the victory achieved in the battle of Kathmandu, He had abundant arms and ammunitions which were instrumental for him to be successful in the east in his campaign.

Diplomatic Relations

Prithivi Narayan Shah was very effortful to have good relations with different states for making his unification campaign a success. As a representative of his father, Narabhupal Shah, he had a pact with Lamjung, the old age enemy. later he himself signed a treaty with a King Ripumardan Shah of Lamjung through the efforts showed by Kalu Panday. He also brough Tanahun, Kaski and Palpa in his favor. Banaras he established friendship with Hari Shah, the King of Jajarkot of the Basie States. Besides, he had given his daughter, Vilash Kumari in marriage to Rana Bhim Shah, the King of Salyan.

Relations with the Malla Kingdoms were also important. Prithivi Narayan Shan signed separate treaties with Kantipur and Bhaktapur in order to develop trade and facilate his unification campaign. He had promised to handover to Bhaktapur, Sinduplanchok and Palanchok of Kantipur on their captures. He also made friendship with the prince of Bhaktapur, Birnarsingh Malla, son of Ranjit Malla so that he could stay there and study the inter condition of the valley. As per the treaty with Kantipur, the two kings has agreed upon some terms as :

• to circulate the currency of either state in both the states.
• to carry a joint trade with Tibet and share the incomes thereof on equal basis.
• to enjoy the right to depute a state representative to Tibet from either state.
• to allow Kantipur to use the territory of Nuwakot for trade with Tibet.

Besides, Prithivi Narayan shah also tried to improve relations with Tibet and East India Company by deputing representatives there.

I will be collecting more information about the history of Nepal and will post in my blog, will present more again in next post. Enjoy Your Time Friend's.a

Political and Economic Obstacle during Ambition of Unification of Nepal by Prithivi Narayan Shah

Introduction

Nepal before unification was divided into many small kingdoms which were fighting against each other.There were Sen kingdoms in the east known as the Koshi Region while there was small kingdoms in kathmandu valley then known as the Nepal Vally's and the areas surrounding it.Similarly the Gandaki Region known as the Chaubise states was divided into 24 principalities while there were 22 states in the Karnali Region known as the basic states. due to frequent battles among them for annexation, the number of the states changed very often.

The states were getting weaker due to internal rivalry and frequent battles.Tibet and British East India Company were expanding their territories. This had made Nepalese independence and existence at stake. Several Kings before Prithivi Narayan Shah, including his own father Narbhupal Shah, had made their efforts for the unification of these bickering kingdoms. but they could achieve very little. King Prithivi narayan Shah now would launched successful campaign for unification.

King Prithivi Narayan Shah wrote these lines to reflect his reflect his feelings and experiences he had while reaching the Chandragiri hill on thee way back from Makawanpur, the place of his first in-law's house. The wish he expressed in theses lines took a form of campaign for the unification of states, which he launched later.

Political Obstacle

It was not an essay task to unify Nepal, divided into Baise,Chaubise,Sen and Malla states. Those states stood as a big obstacle to the unification campaign. Many of these kingdoms were better off politically and economically. Lamjkung in particular in Chaubise states was a great enemy to Gorkha.In the event of the Gorkha force, marching towards Nuwakot, it could be hit from behind by Lamjung. Prithivi Narayan Shan consulted his maternal uncle, the prince of palpa on the problem. the latter said in reply,"Lamjung is a larger vulture, Gorkha, a snake and Nepal, a frog.Evade the larger vulture, then the snake will have the frog to eat". In course of time, there was agreement reached between Gorkha and Ripumardan Shah, the king of Lamjung through the efforts sought by Kalu Pandey (Banshidhar Pandey). Prithivi Narayan Shah promoted Kalu Pandey to the post of 'Kaji', as per the wishes of his caretaker mother Chandrapravawati and his courtiers although he wanted Biraj Bakheti to hold that post.

Economic obstacle

Gorkha with twelve hundred households was not better off economically as compared to the Chaubise states. The poor economic condition of Gorkha was a handicap to the unification venture for Prithivi Narayan Shah. Being aware that the help from Makwanpur, lying in the Terai was potential for the unification campaign, he had the nuptial relation with Makwanpur state which was strong politically and economically, But the King of Makwanpur Indra Kumari, his sister at the time of wedding and also the single -tooth elephant used in her farewell procession. All this was intolerable to Prithivi Narayan Shah and he left behind the bride. He married Narendra Lakshmi, a Kanshi princess afterwards. In order to expedite his programme of unification, he appealed his countrymen to co-operate him with cash and kinds for strengthening the army.

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History Of Nepal

Respected All,

Today I am going to share about the history of Nepal before 100's Year's. Nepal before unification was divided into many small kingdoms which were fighting against each other. There were sen kingdoms in the east known as the Koshi Region where there were Malla Kingdoms in the Kathmandu Valley then Known as "The Nepal Valley" and the areas surrounding it. similarly the Gandaki region, known as the Chaubise States was divided into 24 principalities while there were 22 states in Karnali Region as the Baise states. Due to the frequent battles among them for annexation, the numnber of the states changed very often.

The states were getting weaker due to internal revalry and frequently battles. Tibet and British East India Company were expanding their territories.This land made Nepal's independence and existence at stake. Several kings before Prithivi Narayan Shah,   including his own father Narbhupal Shah, had made their efforts for

the unification of these bickering Kingdoms. but they could achieve very little.

 King Prithivi Narayan Shah now would launched sucessful campaign for unification. Ambition of unification by King Prithivi Narayan Shah lead Nepal as a Bravest and Gorkhali's in World.